第1 章 物流运输管理概论 ················································································· 1 1.1 物流运输管理基础知识 ··········································································· 1 1.1.1 运输的定义及特征 ········································································ 1 1.1.2 物流运输相关概念及特点 ······························································· 3 1.1.3 运输的功能与原理 ········································································ 4 1.1.4 企业运输系统的含义及要素 ···························································· 6 1.1.5 企业运输管理的任务 ····································································· 8 1.2 运输方式的分类及特性 ··········································································· 9 1.2.1 运输方式的分类 ··········································································· 9 1.2.2 各种运输方式的技术经济特性 ························································ 11 1.3 运输成本、运价及运费 ·········································································· 13 1.3.1 运输成本的构成 ·········································································· 13 1.3.2 运价特点 ··················································································· 14 1.3.3 运价结构 ··················································································· 14 1.3.4 运费 ························································································· 16 1.4 运输的地位和意义 ················································································ 16 1.4.1 运输在现代物流中的地位 ······························································ 16 1.4.2 运输发展的意义 ·········································································· 17 1.5 运输的发展历史及趋势 ·········································································· 21 1.5.1 运输的发展历史 ·········································································· 21 1.5.2 我国运输发展趋势 ······································································· 23 第2 章 运输市场与政策··················································································· 30 2.1 运输市场概述······················································································ 30 2.1.1 运输市场的含义及其构成 ······························································ 30 2.1.2 运输市场的特征及类型 ································································· 33 2.1.3 运输市场环境 ············································································· 35 2.1.4 运输市场管理 ············································································· 36 2.2 运输市场需求 ····················································································· 37 2.2.1 运输市场需求的含义及特点 ··························································· 37 2.2.2 运输市场需求的影响因素 ······························································ 39 2.2.3 运输市场需求弹性 ······································································ 40 2.3 运输市场供给 ····················································································· 44 2.3.1 运输市场供给的含义及特点 ··························································· 44 2.3.2 运输市场供给的影响因素 ······························································ 45 2.3.3 运输市场供给弹性 ······································································ 45 2.3.4 运输市场供给与需求之间的关系 ····················································· 47 2.4 运输市场管理政策 ··············································································· 48 2.4.1 运输市场管理政策的含义及类别 ····················································· 48 2.4.2 法律类运输政策 ········································································· 49 2.4.3 行政类运输政策 ········································································· 50 第3 章 公路运输 ··························································································· 54 3.1 公路运输概述 ···············